Reaction: [F-actin]-L-methionine + NADPH + O2 + H+ = [F-actin]-L-methionine-(R)-S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O
Other name(s): MICAL (gene name)
Systematic name: [F-actin]-L-methionine,NADPH:O2 S-oxidoreductase
Comments: The enzyme, characterized from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, is a multi-domain oxidoreductase that acts as an F-actin disassembly factor. The enzyme selectively reduces two L-Met residues of F-actin, causing fragmentation of the filaments and preventing repolymerization [1]. Free methionine is not a substrate [2]. The reaction is stereospecific and generates the (R)-sulfoxide [3]. In the absence of substrate, the enzyme can act as an NAD(P)H oxidase (EC 1.6.3.1) [4,5].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Hung, R.J., Yazdani, U., Yoon, J., Wu, H., Yang, T., Gupta, N., Huang, Z., van Berkel, W.J. and Terman, J.R. Mical links semaphorins to F-actin disassembly. Nature 463 (2010) 823-827. [PMID: 20148037]
2. Hung, R.J., Pak, C.W. and Terman, J.R. Direct redox regulation of F-actin assembly and disassembly by Mical. Science 334 (2011) 1710-1713. [PMID: 22116028]
3. Hung, R.J., Spaeth, C.S., Yesilyurt, H.G. and Terman, J.R. SelR reverses Mical-mediated oxidation of actin to regulate F-actin dynamics. Nat. Cell Biol. 15 (2013) 1445-1454. [PMID: 24212093]
4. Zucchini, D., Caprini, G., Pasterkamp, R.J., Tedeschi, G. and Vanoni, M.A. Kinetic and spectroscopic characterization of the putative monooxygenase domain of human MICAL-1. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 515 (2011) 1-13. [PMID: 21864500]
5. Vitali, T., Maffioli, E., Tedeschi, G. and Vanoni, M.A. Properties and catalytic activities of MICAL1, the flavoenzyme involved in cytoskeleton dynamics, and modulation by its CH, LIM and C-terminal domains. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 593 (2016) 24-37. [PMID: 26845023]