Reaction: a plasmanylethanolamine + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a plasmenylethanolamine + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
Glossary: a plasmanylethanolamine = a 2-acyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine
Other name(s): TMEM189 (gene name); 2-acyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine desaturase; alkylacylglycerophosphoethanolamine desaturase; alkylacylglycero-phosphorylethanolamine dehydrogenase; alkyl-acylglycerophosphorylethanolamine dehydrogenase; 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine desaturase; 1-O-alkyl 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine desaturase
Systematic name: plasmanylethanolamine,ferrocytochrome b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (plasmenylethanolamine-forming)
Comments: The enzyme catalyses the introduction of a double bond at position 1 of the alkyl group attached by an ether bond at the sn-1 position of plasmanylethanolamine, generating a vinyl ether-containing plasmenylethanolamine. The enzyme is found in animals and some bacteria, but not in plants, fungi, or most aerobic bacteria.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Stoffel, W. and LeKim, D. Studies on the biosynthesis of plasmalogens. Precursors in the biosynthesis of plasmalogens: on the stereospecificity of the biochemical dehydrogenation of the 1-O-alkyl glyceryl to the 1-O-alk-1'-enyl glyceryl ether bond. Hoppe-Seylers Z. Physiol. Chem. 352 (1971) 501-511. [PMID: 5550967]
2. Paltauf, F. Biosynthesis of plasmalogens from alkyl- and alkyl-acyl-glycerophosphoryl ethanolamine in the rat brain. FEBS Lett. 17 (1971) 118-120. [PMID: 11946011]
3. Paltuaf, F., Prough, R.A., Masters, B.S. and Johnston, J.M. Evidence for the participation of cytochrome b5 in plasmalogen biosynthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 249 (1974) 2661-2662. [PMID: 4150797]
4. Wykle, R.L. and Schremmer Lockmiller, J.M. The biosynthesis of plasmalogens by rat brain: involvement of the microsomal electron transport system. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 380 (1975) 291-298. [PMID: 235322]
5. Gallego-Garcia, A., Monera-Girona, A.J., Pajares-Martinez, E., Bastida-Martinez, E., Perez-Castano, R., Iniesta, A.A., Fontes, M., Padmanabhan, S. and Elias-Arnanz, M. A bacterial light response reveals an orphan desaturase for human plasmalogen synthesis. Science 366 (2019) 128-132. [PMID: 31604315]