Reaction: anthranilate + N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine + 2 NAD+ = 2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)diazenylbenzoate + 2 NADH + 2 H+
Glossary: 2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)diazenylbenzoate = methyl red
Other name(s): azoR (gene name); NADH-azoreductase
Systematic name: N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, anthranilate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
Comments: Requires FMN. The enzyme catalyses the reductive cleavage of an azo bond in aromatic azo compounds to form the corresponding amines. Does not accept NADPH. cf. EC 1.7.1.6, azobenzene reductase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Nakanishi, M., Yatome, C., Ishida, N. and Kitade, Y. Putative ACP phosphodiesterase gene (acpD) encodes an azoreductase. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 46394-46399. [PMID: 11583992]
2. Ito, K., Nakanishi, M., Lee, W.C., Sasaki, H., Zenno, S., Saigo, K., Kitade, Y. and Tanokura, M. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of AzoR (azoreductase) from Escherichia coli. Acta Crystallogr. Sect. F Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. 61 (2005) 399-402. [PMID: 16511052]
3. Ito, K., Nakanishi, M., Lee, W.C., Zhi, Y., Sasaki, H., Zenno, S., Saigo, K., Kitade, Y. and Tanokura, M. Expansion of substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of azoreductase by X-ray crystallography and site-directed mutagenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 283 (2008) 13889-13896. [PMID: 18337254]
4. Mercier, C., Chalansonnet, V., Orenga, S. and Gilbert, C. Characteristics of major Escherichia coli reductases involved in aerobic nitro and azo reduction. J. Appl. Microbiol. 115 (2013) 1012-1022. [PMID: 23795903]