Reaction: 2 glutathione + NADP+ = glutathione disulfide + NADPH + H+
For diagram of reaction click here.
Glossary:
The term 'oxidized glutathione' has been replaced by the term 'glutathione disulfide' as the former is ambiguous. S,S'-Biglutathione may also be used to refer to this compound.
Other name(s): glutathione reductase; glutathione reductase (NADPH); NADPH-glutathione reductase; GSH reductase; GSSG reductase; NADPH-GSSG reductase; glutathione S-reductase; NADPH:oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase
Systematic name: glutathione:NADP+ oxidoreductase
Comments: A dimeric flavoprotein (FAD); activity is dependent on a redox-active disulfide in each of the active centres.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9001-48-3
References:
1. Pai, E.F., Schirmer, R.H. and Schulz, G.E. Structural studies on crystalline glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes. In: Singer, T.P. and Ondarza, R.N. (Eds.), Mechanisms of Oxidizing Enzymes, Elsevier North Holland, New York, 1978, p. 17-22.
2. Pigiet, V.P. and Conley, R.R. Purification of thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and glutathione reductase by affinity chromatography. J. Biol. Chem. 252 (1977) 6367-6372. [PMID: 330529]
3. Racker, E. Glutathione reductase from bakers' yeast and beef liver. J. Biol. Chem. 217 (1955) 855-865.
4. van Heyningen, R. and Pirie, A. Reduction of glutathione coupled with oxidative decarboxylation of malate in cattle lens. Biochem. J. 53 (1953) 436-444.
5. Worthington, D.J. and Rosemeyer, M.A. Glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes. Catalytic properties and aggregation. Eur. J. Biochem. 67 (1976) 231-238. [PMID: 9277]
6. Böhmé, C.C., Arscott, L.D., Becker, K., Schirmer, R.H. and Williams, C.H., Jr. Kinetic characterization of glutathione reductase from the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Comparison with the human enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 37317-37323. [PMID: 10969088]
7. Libreros-Minotta, C.A., Pardo, J.P., Mendoza-Hernandez, G. and Rendon, J.L. Purification and characterization of glutathione reductase from Rhodospirillum rubrum. Arch Biochem Biophys 298 (1992) 247-253. [PMID: 1524433]