Reaction: acyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = CoA + 3-oxoacyl-CoA (overall reaction)
(1a) [acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase]-S-acyl-L-cysteine + acetyl-CoA = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + [acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase]-L-cysteine
(1b) acyl-CoA + [acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase]-L-cysteine = [acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase]-S-acyl-L-cysteine + CoA
For diagram of reaction click here or click here
Other name(s): β-ketothiolase; 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase; KAT; β-ketoacyl coenzyme A thiolase; β-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase; β-ketoadipyl coenzyme A thiolase; β-ketoadipyl-CoA thiolase; 3-ketoacyl CoA thiolase; 3-ketoacyl coenzyme A thiolase; 3-ketoacyl thiolase; 3-ketothiolase; 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase; 3-oxoacyl-coenzyme A thiolase; 6-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase; acetoacetyl-CoA β-ketothiolase; acetyl-CoA acyltransferase; ketoacyl-CoA acyltransferase; ketoacyl-coenzyme A thiolase; long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase; oxoacyl-coenzyme A thiolase; pro-3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase; thiolase I; type I thiolase; 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase [misleading]
Systematic name: acyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
Comments: The enzyme, found in both eukaryotes and in prokaryotes, is involved in degradation pathways such as fatty acid β-oxidation. The enzyme acts on 3-oxoacyl-CoAs to produce acetyl-CoA and an acyl-CoA shortened by two carbon atoms. The reaction starts with the acylation of a nucleophilic cysteine at the active site by a 3-oxoacyl-CoA, with the concomitant release of acetyl-CoA. In the second step the acyl group is transferred to CoA. Most enzymes have a broad substrate range for the 3-oxoacyl-CoA. cf. EC 2.3.1.9, acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EAWAG-BBD, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9029-97-4
References:
1. Beinert, H., Bock, R.M., Goldman, D.S., Green, D.E., Mahler, H.R., Mii, S., Stansly, P.G. and Wakil, S.J. A synthesis of dl-cortisone acetate. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75 (1953) 4111-4112.
2. Goldman, D.S. Studies on the fatty acid oxidizing system of animal tissue. VII. The β-ketoacyl coenzyme A cleavage enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 208 (1954) 345-357. [PMID: 13174544]
3. Stern, J.R., Coon, M.J. and del Campillo, A. Enzymatic breakdown and synthesis of acetoacetate. Nature 171 (1953) 28-30. [PMID: 13025466]