Reaction: geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate
For diagram of reaction, click here
Other name(s): FGPP synthase; (all-E) geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase; GFPS; Fgs
Systematic name: geranylgeranyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate transtransferase (adding 1 isopentenyl unit)
Comments: The enzyme from Methanosarcina mazei is involved in biosynthesis of the polyprenyl side-chain of methanophenazine, an electron carrier utilized for methanogenesis. It prefers geranylgeranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate as allylic substrate [1]. The enzyme from Aeropyrum pernix prefers farnesyl diphosphate as allylic substrate. The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of C25-C25 membrane lipids [2].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, PDB, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Ogawa, T., Yoshimura, T. and Hemmi, H. Geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase from Methanosarcina mazei: Different role, different evolution. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 393 (2010) 16-20. [PMID: 20097171]
2. Tachibana, A., Yano, Y., Otani, S., Nomura, N., Sako, Y. and Taniguchi, M. Novel prenyltransferase gene encoding farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase from a hyperthermophilic archaeon, Aeropyrum pernix. Molecular evolution with alteration in product specificity. Eur. J. Biochem. 267 (2000) 321-328. [PMID: 10632701]
3. Tachibana, A. A novel prenyltransferase, farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, from the haloalkaliphilic archaeon, Natronobacterium pharaonis. FEBS Lett. 341 (1994) 291-294. [PMID: 8137956]
4. Lee, P.C., Mijts, B.N., Petri, R., Watts, K.T. and Schmidt-Dannert, C. Alteration of product specificity of Aeropyrum pernix farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (Fgs) by directed evolution. Protein Eng Des Sel 17 (2004) 771-777. [PMID: 15548566]