Reaction: 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfate
Glossary: 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = PAPS
heparan sulfate: for definition click here
Other name(s): heparin-glucosamine 3-O-sulfotransferase; 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:heparin-glucosamine 3-O-sulfotransferase; glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase; heparan sulfate D-glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase; isoform/isozyme 1 (3-OST-1, HS3ST1); 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:[heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfotransferase
Systematic name: 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:[heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfonotransferase
Comments: This enzyme differs from the other [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfotransferases [EC 2.8.2.29 ([heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfotransferase 2) and EC 2.8.2.30 ([heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfotransferase 3)] by being the most selective for a precursor of the antithrombin-binding site. It has a minimal acceptor sequence of: → GlcNAc6S→ GlcA→ GlcN2S*±6S→ IdoA2S→ GlcN2S→ , the asterisk marking the target (symbols as in 2-Carb-38 using ± to mean the presence or absence of a substituent, and > to separate a predominant structure from a minor one. Thus Glc(N2S>NAc) means a residue of glucosamine where the N carries a sulfo group mainly but occasionally an acetyl group.) [1-4]. It can also modify other precursor sequences within heparan sulfate but this action does not create functional antithrombin-binding sites. These precursors are variants of the consensus sequence: → Glc(N2S>NAc)±6S→ GlcA→ GlcN2S*±6S→ GlcA>IdoA±2S→ Glc(N2S/NAc)±6S→ [5]. If the heparan sulfate substrate lacks 2-O-sulfation of GlcA residues, then enzyme specificity is expanded to modify selected glucosamine residues preceded by IdoA as well as GlcA [6].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 183257-54-7
References:
1. Kusche, M., Backström, G., Riesenfeld, J., Pepitou, M., Choay, J. and Lindahl, U. Biosynthesis of heparin. O-Sulfation of the antithrombin-binding region. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988) 15474-15484. [PMID: 3139669]
2. Shworak, N.W., Fritze, L.M.S., Liu, J., Butler, L.D. and Rosenberg, R.D. Cell-free synthesis of anticoagulant heparan sulfate reveals a limiting activity which modifies a nonlimiting precursor pool. J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1996) 27063-27071. [PMID: 8900197]
3. Liu, J., Shworak, N.W., Fritze, L.M.S., Edelberg, J.M. and Rosenberg, R.D. Purification of heparan sulfate D-glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase. J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1996) 27072-27082. [PMID: 8900198]
4. Shworak, N.W., Liu, J., Fritze, L.M.S., Schwartz, J.J., Zhang, L., Logeart, D. and Rosenberg, R.D. Molecular cloning and expression of mouse and human cDNAs encoding heparan sulfate D-glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 28008-28019. [PMID: 9346953]
5. Zhang, L., Yoshida, K., Liu, J. and Rosenberg, R.D. Anticoagulant heparan sulfate precursor structures in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 5681-5691 [PMID: 10026187]
6. Zhang, L., Lawrence, R., Schwartz, J.J., Bai, X., Wei., G, Esko, J.D. and Rosenberg, R.D. The effect of precursor structures on the action of glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase-1 and the biosynthesis of anticoagulant heparan sulfate. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 28806-28813. [PMID: 11375390]