Reaction: (1) an N-acyl-aromatic-L-amino acid + H2O = an aromatic-L-amino acid + a carboxylate
(2) an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate + H2O = an L-cysteine-S-conjugate + acetate
Glossary: N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate = mercapturic acid
Other name(s): aminoacylase 3; aminoacylase III; ACY3 (gene name)
Systematic name: N-acyl-aromatic-L-amino acid amidohydrolase (carboxylate-forming)
Comments: This enzyme is found in animals and is involved in the hydrolysis of N-acylated or N-acetylated amino acids (except L-aspartate). It preferentially deacetylates Nα-acetylated aromatic amino acids and mercapturic acids (S-conjugates of N-acetyl-L-cysteine) that are usually not deacetylated by EC 3.5.1.14, N-acyl-aliphatic-L-amino acid amidohydrolase. The enzyme is significantly activated by Co2+ and Ni2+ [3]. Some bacterial aminoacylases demonstrate substrate specificity for both EC 3.5.1.14 and EC 3.5.1.114. cf. EC 3.5.1.14, N-acyl-aliphatic-L-amino acid amidohydrolase and EC 3.5.1.15, aspartoacylase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Pushkin, A., Carpenito, G., Abuladze, N., Newman, D., Tsuprun, V., Ryazantsev, S., Motemoturu, S., Sassani, P., Solovieva, N., Dukkipati, R. and Kurtz, I. Structural characterization, tissue distribution, and functional expression of murine aminoacylase III. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 286 (2004) C848-C856. [PMID: 14656720]
2. Newman, D., Abuladze, N., Scholz, K., Dekant, W., Tsuprun, V., Ryazantsev, S., Bondar, G., Sassani, P., Kurtz, I. and Pushkin, A. Specificity of aminoacylase III-mediated deacetylation of mercapturic acids. Drug Metab. Dispos. 35 (2007) 43-50. [PMID: 17012540]
3. Tsirulnikov, K., Abuladze, N., Newman, D., Ryazantsev, S., Wolak, T., Magilnick, N., Koag, M.C., Kurtz, I. and Pushkin, A. Mouse aminoacylase 3: a metalloenzyme activated by cobalt and nickel. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1794 (2009) 1049-1057. [PMID: 19362172]
4. Hsieh, J.M., Tsirulnikov, K., Sawaya, M.R., Magilnick, N., Abuladze, N., Kurtz, I., Abramson, J. and Pushkin, A. Structures of aminoacylase 3 in complex with acetylated substrates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107 (2010) 17962-17967. [PMID: 20921362]
5. Tsirulnikov, K., Abuladze, N., Bragin, A., Faull, K., Cascio, D., Damoiseaux, R., Schibler, M.J. and Pushkin, A. Inhibition of aminoacylase 3 protects rat brain cortex neuronal cells from the toxicity of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal mercapturate and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 263 (2012) 303-314. [PMID: 22819785]