Reaction: (1) an Nω-(1-hydroxy-2-oxopropyl)-[protein]-L-arginine + H2O = a [protein]-L-arginine + (R)-lactate
(2) an N6-(1-hydroxy-2-oxopropyl)-[protein]-L-lysine + H2O = a [protein]-L-lysine + (R)-lactate
(3) an S-(1-hydroxy-2-oxopropyl)-[protein]-L-cysteine + H2O = a [protein]-L-cysteine + (R)-lactate
Glossary: 2-oxopropanal = methylglyoxal
Other name(s): PARK7 (gene name); DJ-1 protein; yhbO (gene name); yajL (gene name); glyoxylase III (incorrect)
Systematic name: a [protein]-L-amino acid-1-hydroxypropan-2-one hydrolase [(R)-lactate-forming]
Comments: The enzyme, previously thought to be a glyoxalase, acts on glycated L-arginine, L-lysine, and L-cysteine residues within proteins that have been attacked and modified by glyoxal or 2-oxopropanal. The attack forms hemithioacetal in the case of cysteines and aminocarbinols in the case of arginines and lysines. The enzyme repairs the amino acids, releasing glycolate or lactate (70-80% (S)-lactate and 20-30% (R)-lactate), depending on whether the attacking agent was glyoxal or 2-oxopropanal, respectively [3,4].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Misra, K., Banerjee, A.B., Ray, S. and Ray, M. Glyoxalase III from Escherichia coli: a single novel enzyme for the conversion of methylglyoxal into D-lactate without reduced glutathione. Biochem. J. 305 (1995) 999-1003. [PMID: 7848303]
2. Subedi, K.P., Choi, D., Kim, I., Min, B. and Park, C. Hsp31 of Escherichia coli K-12 is glyoxalase III. Mol. Microbiol. 81 (2011) 926-936. [PMID: 21696459]
3. Richarme, G., Mihoub, M., Dairou, J., Bui, L.C., Leger, T. and Lamouri, A. Parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1/Park7 is a major protein deglycase that repairs methylglyoxal- and glyoxal-glycated cysteine, arginine, and lysine residues. J. Biol. Chem. 290 (2015) 1885-1897. [PMID: 25416785]
4. Mihoub, M., Abdallah, J., Gontero, B., Dairou, J. and Richarme, G. The DJ-1 superfamily member Hsp31 repairs proteins from glycation by methylglyoxal and glyoxal. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 463 (2015) 1305-1310. [PMID: 26102038]
5. Abdallah, J., Mihoub, M., Gautier, V. and Richarme, G. The DJ-1 superfamily members YhbO and YajL from Escherichia coli repair proteins from glycation by methylglyoxal and glyoxal. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 470 (2016) 282-286. [PMID: 26774339]