Reaction: (1) ATP + cholate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + choloyl-CoA
(2) ATP + (25R)-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestan-26-oate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + (25R)-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoyl-CoA
For diagram click here.
Glossary: cholate = 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate
trihydroxycoprostanoate = 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestan-26-oate
Other name(s): BAL; bile acid CoA ligase; bile acid coenzyme A ligase; choloyl-CoA synthetase; choloyl coenzyme A synthetase; cholic thiokinase; cholate thiokinase; cholic acid:CoA ligase; 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoyl coenzyme A synthetase; 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoate-CoA ligase; 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoate-CoA synthetase; THCA-CoA ligase; 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanate—CoA ligase; 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming); cholyl-CoA synthetase; trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA synthetase
Systematic name: cholate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
Comments: Requires Mg2+ for activity. The mammalian enzyme is membrane-bound and catalyses the first step in the conjugation of bile acids with amino acids, converting bile acids into their acyl-CoA thioesters. Chenodeoxycholate, deoxycholate, lithocholate and trihydroxycoprostanoate can also act as substrates [7]. The bacterial enzyme is soluble and participates in an anaerobic bile acid 7 α-dehydroxylation pathway [5].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9027-90-1
References:
1. Elliott, W.H. The enzymic activation of cholic acid by guinea-pig-liver microsomes. Biochem. J. 62 (1956) 427-433. [PMID: 13303991]
2. Elliott, W.H. The breakdown of adenosine triphosphate accompanying cholic acid activation by guinea-pig liver microsomes. Biochem. J. 65 (1957) 315-321. [PMID: 13403911]
3. Prydz, K., Kase, B.F., Björkhem, I. and Pedersen, J.I. Subcellular localization of 3α,7α-dihydroxy- and 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoyl-coenzyme A ligase(s) in rat liver. J. Lipid Res. 29 (1988) 997-1004. [PMID: 3183523]
4. Schepers, L., Casteels, M., Verheyden, K., Parmentier, G., Asselberghs, S., Eyssen, H.J. and Mannaerts, G.P. Subcellular distribution and characteristics of trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA synthetase in rat liver. Biochem. J. 257 (1989) 221-229. [PMID: 2521999]
5. Mallonee, D.H., Adams, J.L. and Hylemon, P.B. The bile acid-inducible baiB gene from Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 encodes a bile acid-coenzyme A ligase. J. Bacteriol. 174 (1992) 2065-2071. [PMID: 1551828]
6. Wheeler, J.B., Shaw, D.R. and Barnes, S. Purification and characterization of a rat liver bile acid coenzyme A ligase from rat liver microsomes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 348 (1997) 15-24. [PMID: 9390170]
7. Falany, C.N., Xie, X., Wheeler, J.B., Wang, J., Smith, M., He, D. and Barnes, S. Molecular cloning and expression of rat liver bile acid CoA ligase. J. Lipid Res. 43 (2002) 2062-2071. [PMID: 12454267]