Reaction: (9Z)-hexadec-9-enoyl-CoA + [Wnt]-L-serine = CoA + [Wnt]-O-(9Z)-hexadec-9-enoyl-L-serine
Glossary: (9Z)-hexadec-9-enoate = palmitoleoate
Other name(s): porcupine; PORCN (gene name)
Systematic name: (9Z)-hexadec-9-enoyl-CoA:[Wnt]-L-serine O-hexadecenoyltransferase
Comments: The enzyme, found in animals, modifies a specific serine residue in Wnt proteins, e.g. Ser209 in human Wnt3a and Ser224 in chicken WNT1 [2,3]. The enzyme can accept C13 to C16 fatty acids in vitro, but only (9Z)-hexadecenoate modification is observed in vivo [1]. cf. EC 3.1.1.98, [Wnt protein]-O-palmitoleoyl-L-serine hydrolase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Takada, R., Satomi, Y., Kurata, T., Ueno, N., Norioka, S., Kondoh, H., Takao, T. and Takada, S. Monounsaturated fatty acid modification of Wnt protein: its role in Wnt secretion. Dev Cell 11 (2006) 791-801. [PMID: 17141155]
2. Gao, X. and Hannoush, R.N. Single-cell imaging of Wnt palmitoylation by the acyltransferase porcupine. Nat. Chem. Biol. 10 (2014) 61-68. [PMID: 24292069]
3. Miranda, M., Galli, L.M., Enriquez, M., Szabo, L.A., Gao, X., Hannoush, R.N. and Burrus, L.W. Identification of the WNT1 residues required for palmitoylation by Porcupine. FEBS Lett. 588 (2014) 4815-4824. [PMID: 25451226]