Reaction: a 2′-deoxyribonucleoside 5′-triphosphate + DNAn = diphosphate + DNAn+1
Other name(s): DNA polymerase I; DNA polymerase II; DNA polymerase III; DNA polymerase α; DNA polymerase β; DNA polymerase γ; DNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed); deoxyribonucleate nucleotidyltransferase; deoxynucleate polymerase; deoxyribonucleic acid duplicase; deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase; deoxyribonucleic duplicase; deoxyribonucleic polymerase; deoxyribonucleic polymerase I; DNA duplicase; DNA nucleotidyltransferase; DNA polymerase; DNA replicase; DNA-dependent DNA polymerase; duplicase; Klenow fragment; sequenase; Taq DNA polymerase; Taq Pol I; Tca DNA polymerase
Systematic name: 2′-deoxyribonucleoside-5′-triphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed)
Comments: Catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Cannot initiate a chain de novo. Requires a primer, which may be DNA or RNA. See also EC 2.7.7.49 RNA-directed DNA polymerase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9012-90-2
References:
1. Bollum, F.J. Calf thymus polymerase. J. Biol. Chem. 235 (1960) 2399-2403.
2. Falaschi, A. and Kornberg, A. Biochemical studies of bacterial sporulation. II. Deoxy-ribonucleic acid polymerase in spores of Bacillus subtilis. J. Biol. Chem. 241 (1966) 1478-1482. [PMID: 4957767]
3. Lehman, I.R., Bessman, M.J., Simms, E.S. and Kornberg, A. Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. I. Preparation of substrates and partial purification of an enzyme from Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 233 (1958) 163-170.
4. Richardson, C.C., Schildkraut, C.L., Aposhian, H.V. and Kornberg, A. Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. XIV. Further purification and properties of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase of Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 239 (1964) 222-232.
5. Schachman, H.K., Adler, J., Radding, C.M., Lehman, I.R. and Kornberg, A. Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. VII. Synthesis of a polymer of deoxyadenylate and deoxythymidylate. J. Biol. Chem. 235 (1960) 3242-3249.
6. Zimmerman, B.K. Purification and properties of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase from Micrococcus lysodeikticus. J. Biol. Chem. 241 (1966) 2035-2041. [PMID: 5946628]