Reaction: cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate + H2O = 5'-phosphoguanylyl(3'→5')guanosine
For diagram of reaction click here
Glossary: c-di-GMP = c-di-guanylate = cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate = cyclic-bis(3'→5') dimeric GMP
Other name(s): cyclic bis(3→5')diguanylate phosphodiesterase; c-di-GMP-specific phosphodiesterase; c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase; phosphodiesterase; phosphodiesterase A1; PDEA1; VieA
Systematic name: cyclic bis(3→5')diguanylate 3'-guanylylhydrolase
Comments: Requires Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity and is inhibited by Ca2+ and Zn2+. Contains a heme unit. This enzyme linearizes cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate, the product of EC 2.7.7.65, diguanylate cyclase and an allosteric activator of EC 2.4.1.12, cellulose synthase (UDP-forming), rendering it inactive [1]. It is the balance between these two enzymes that determines the cellular level of c-di-GMP [1].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Chang, A.L., Tuckerman, J.R., Gonzalez, G., Mayer, R., Weinhouse, H., Volman, G., Amikam, D., Benziman, M. and Gilles-Gonzalez, M.A. Phosphodiesterase A1, a regulator of cellulose synthesis in Acetobacter xylinum, is a heme-based sensor. Biochemistry 40 (2001) 3420-3426. [PMID: 11297407]
2. Christen, M., Christen, B., Folcher, M., Schauerte, A. and Jenal, U. Identification and characterization of a cyclic di-GMP-specific phosphodiesterase and its allosteric control by GTP. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 30829-30837. [PMID: 15994307]
3. Schmidt, A.J., Ryjenkov, D.A. and Gomelsky, M. The ubiquitous protein domain EAL is a cyclic diguanylate-specific phosphodiesterase: enzymatically active and inactive EAL domains. J. Bacteriol. 187 (2005) 4774-4781. [PMID: 15995192]
4. Tamayo, R., Tischler, A.D. and Camilli, A. The EAL domain protein VieA is a cyclic diguanylate phosphodiesterase. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 33324-33330. [PMID: 16081414]