Gln, His5Leu, His10Leu, Ala14Leu and Tyr16Leu in insulin B chain; removes C-terminal Leu from small peptides
See separate file for EC 3.4.24.51 to EC 3.4.24.89.
EC 3.4.24.1 atrolysin A
EC 3.4.24.2 deleted
EC 3.4.24.3 microbial collagenase
EC 3.4.24.4 now covered by EC 3.4.24.25 to EC 3.4.24.32, EC 3.4.24.39, EC 3.4.24.40
EC 3.4.24.5 now covered by EC 3.4.22.17, EC 3.4.25.1
EC 3.4.24.6 leucolysin
EC 3.4.24.7 interstitial collagenase
EC 3.4.24.8 deleted, included in EC 3.4.24.3
EC 3.4.24.9 deleted
EC 3.4.24.10 deleted
EC 3.4.24.11 neprilysin
EC 3.4.24.12 envelysin
EC 3.4.24.13 IgA-specific metalloendopeptidase
EC 3.4.24.14 procollagen N-endopeptidase
EC 3.4.24.15 thimet oligopeptidase
EC 3.4.24.16 neurolysin
EC 3.4.24.17 stromelysin 1
EC 3.4.24.18 meprin A
EC 3.4.24.19 procollagen C-endopeptidase
EC 3.4.24.20 peptidyl-Lys metalloendopeptidase
EC 3.4.24.21 astacin
EC 3.4.24.22 stromelysin 2
EC 3.4.24.23 matrilysin
EC 3.4.24.24 gelatinase A
EC 3.4.24.25 vibriolysin
EC 3.4.24.26 pseudolysin
EC 3.4.24.27 thermolysin
EC 3.4.24.28 bacillolysin
EC 3.4.24.29 aureolysin
EC 3.4.24.30 coccolysin
EC 3.4.24.31 mycolysin
EC 3.4.24.32 β-lytic metalloendopeptidase
EC 3.4.24.33 peptidyl-Asp metalloendopeptidase
EC 3.4.24.34 neutrophil collagenase
EC 3.4.24.35 gelatinase B
EC 3.4.24.36 leishmanolysin
EC 3.4.24.37 saccharolysin
EC 3.4.24.38 gametolysin
EC 3.4.24.39 deuterolysin
EC 3.4.24.40 serralysin
EC 3.4.24.41 atrolysin B
EC 3.4.24.42 atrolysin C
EC 3.4.24.43 atroxase
EC 3.4.24.44 atrolysin E
EC 3.4.24.45 atrolysin F
EC 3.4.24.46 adamalysin
EC 3.4.24.47 horrilysin
EC 3.4.24.48 ruberlysin
EC 3.4.24.49 bothropasin
EC 3.4.24.50 bothrolysin
See the following file for:
EC 3.4.24.51 - EC 3.4.24.89Entries
Accepted name: atrolysin A
Reaction: Cleavage of Asn3Gln, His5Leu, His10Leu, Ala14Leu and Tyr16Leu in insulin B chain; removes C-terminal Leu from small peptides
Other names: Crotalus atrox metalloendopeptidase a; hemorrhagic toxin a; Crotalus atrox α-proteinase; Crotalus atrox proteinase; bothropasin
Comments: A hemorrhagic endopeptidase of 68 kDa, one of six hemorrhagic toxins in the venom of western diamondback rattlesnake. The 60 kDa hemorrhagic toxin 1 of Crotalus ruber ruber shows identical specificity [2]. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family). Related metalloendopeptidases from rattlesnake venoms are EC 3.4.24.41 (atrolysin B), EC 3.4.24.42 (atrolysin C), EC 3.4.24.43 (atroxase), EC 3.4.24.44 (atrolysin E), EC 3.4.24.45 (atrolysin F), EC 3.4.24.46 (adamalysin), EC 3.4.24.47 (horrilysin), and EC 3.4.24.48 (ruberlysin)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 37288-82-7
References:
1. Bjarnason, J.B. and Tu, A.T. Hemorrhagic toxins from western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom: isolation and characterization of five toxins and the role of zinc in hemorrhagic toxin e. Biochemistry 17 (1978) 3395-3404. [PMID: 210790]
2. Mori, N., Nikai, T., Sugihara, H. and Tu, A.T. Biochemical characterization of hemorrhagic toxins with fibrinogenase activity isolated from Crotalus ruber ruber venom. Arch. Biochem. Biophys .253 (1987) 108-121. [PMID: 2949699]
3. Bjarnason, J.B., Hamilton, D. and Fox, J.W. Studies on the mechanism of hemorrhage production by five proteolytic hemorrhagic toxins from Crotalus atrox venom. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 369 (1988) 121-129. [PMID: 3060135]
4. Bjarnason, J.B. and Fox, J.W. Hemorrhagic toxins from snake venoms. J. Toxicol. Toxin Rev.7 (1989) 121-209
[EC 3.4.24.2 Deleted entry: Sepia proteinase (EC 3.4.24.2 created 1972, deleted 1992)]
Accepted name: microbial collagenase
Reaction: Digestion of native collagen in the triple helical region at Gly bonds. With synthetic peptides, a preference is shown for Gly at P3 and P1', Pro and Ala at P2 and P2', and hydroxyproline, Ala or Arg at P3'
Other names: Clostridium histolyticum collagenase; clostridiopeptidase A; collagenase A; collagenase I; Achromobacter iophagus collagenase; collagenase; aspergillopeptidase C; nucleolysin; azocollase; metallocollagenase; soycollagestin; Clostridium histolyticum proteinase A; clostridiopeptidase II; MMP-8; clostridiopeptidase I; collagen peptidase; collagen protease; collagenase MMP-1; metalloproteinase-1; kollaza; matrix metalloproteinase-1; MMP-1; matrix metalloproteinase-8; matirx metalloproteinase-18; interstitial collagenase
Comments: Six species of metalloendopeptidase acting on native collagen can be isolated from the medium of Clostridium histolyticum. Class I has forms α (68 kDa), β (115 kDa) and γ (79 kDa); class II has δ (100 kDa), ε (110 kDa) and ζ (125 kDa). The two classes are immunologically crossreactive, but have significantly different sequences, and different specificities such that their actions on collagen are complementary. The enzymes also act as peptidyl-tripeptidases. Variants of the enzyme have been purified from Bacillus cereus [10], Empedobacter collagenolyticum [4], Pseudomonas marinoglutinosa [1], and species of Vibrio, Vibrio B-30 (ATCC 21250) [2] and V. alginolyticus (previously Achromobacter iophagus) [3,8]. Also known from Streptomyces sp. [9]. The Vibrio enzyme is the type example of peptidase family M9. Formerly EC 3.4.99.5, EC 3.4.4.19 and EC 3.4.24.8
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9001-12-1
References:
1. Hanada, K., Mizutani, T., Yamagishi, M., Tsuji, H., Misaki, T. Sawada, J. The isolation of collagenase and its enzymological and physico-chemical properties. Agric. Biol. Chem.37 (1973) 1771-1781
2. Merkel, J.R. and Dreisbach, J.H. Purification and characterization of a marine bacterial collagenase. Biochemistry 17 (1978) 2857-2863. [PMID: 210785]
3. Heindl, M.-C., Fermandjian, S. and Keil, B. Circular dichroism comparative studies of two bacterial collagenases and thermolysin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 624, (1980) 51-59. [PMID: 6250633]
4. Labadie, J. and Montel, M..-C. Purification et étude de quelques propriétés d'une collagénase produite par Empedobacter collagenolyticum. Biochimie 64 (1982) 49-54. [PMID: 6530724]
5. Bond, M.D and Van Wart, H.D. Characterization of the individual collagenases from Clostridium histolyticum. Biochemistry 23 (1984) 3085-3091. [PMID: 6087888]
6. Bond, M.D. and Van Wart, H.D. Relationship between the individual collagenases of Clostridium histolyticum: evidience for evolution by gene duplication. Biochemistry 23 (1984) 3092-3099. [PMID: 6087889]
7. Van Wart, H.D. and Steinbrink, D.R. Complementary substrate specificities of class I and class II collagenases from Clostridium histolyticum. Biochemistry 24 (1985) 6520-6526. [PMID: 3002445]
8. Tong, N.T., Tsugita, A. and Keil-Dlouha, V. Purification and characterization of two high-molecular-mass forms of Achromobacter collagenase. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 874 (1986) 296-304
9. Endo, A., Murakawa, S., Shimizu, H. and Shiraishi, Y. Purification and properties of collagenase from a Streptomyces species. J. Biochem. (Tokyo)102 (1987) 163-170. [PMID: 2822678]
10. Makinen, K.K. and Makinen, P.-L. Purification and properties of an extracellular collagenolytic protease produced by the human oral bacterium Bacillus cereus (strain Soc 67). J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987) 12488-12495. [PMID: 3040751]
[EC 3.4.24.4 Transferred entry: now EC 3.4.24.25 - aeromonolysin, EC 3.4.24.26 - pseudolysin, EC 3.4.24.27 - thermolysin, EC 3.4.24.28 - bacillolysin, EC 3.4.24.29 - aureolysin, EC 3.4.24.30 - coccolysin, EC 3.4.24.31 - mycolysin, EC 3.4.24.32 - β-lytic metalloendopeptidase, EC 3.4.24.39 - deuterolysin, EC 3.4.24.40 - serralysin (EC 3.4.24.4 created 1972 [EC 3.4.99.13 and EC 3.4.99.22 both created 1972, incorporated 1978], deleted 1992)]
[EC 3.4.24.5 Deleted entry: lens neutral proteinase. Now included with EC 3.4.22.17 - calpain and EC 3.4.99.46 - multicatalytic endopeptidase complex (EC 3.4.24.5 created 1978, deleted 1989)]
Accepted name: leucolysin
Reaction: Cleavage of Phe1Val, His5Leu, Ala14Leu, Gly20Glu, Gly23Phe and Phe24Phe bonds in insulin B chain as well as N-blocked dipeptides
Other names: Leucostoma neutral proteinase; Leucostoma peptidase A
Comments: From the venom of the western cottonmouth moccasin snake (Agkistrodon piscivorus leucostoma).
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 72561-03-6
References:
1. Wagner, F.W., Spiekerman, A.M. and Prescott, J.M. Leucostoma peptidase A. Isolation and physical properties. J. Biol. Chem. 243 (1968) 4486-4493. [PMID: 5684005]
2. Spiekerman, A.M., Fredericks, K.K., Wagner, F.W. and Prescott, J.M. Leucostoma peptidase A: a metalloprotease from snake venom. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 293 (1973) 464-475. [PMID: 4711816]
Accepted name: interstitial collagenase
Reaction: Cleavage of the triple helix of collagen at about three-quarters of the length of the molecule from the N-terminus, at Gly775Ile in the α1(I) chain. Cleaves synthetic substrates and α-macroglobulins at bonds where P1' is a hydrophobic residue
Other names: vertebrate collagenase; matrix metalloproteinase 1
Comments: The enzyme takes its name from substrates of the interstitial collagen group - types I, II and III, all of which are cleaved in the helical domain. However, α-macroglobulins are cleaved much more rapidly. The enzyme is widely distributed in vertebrate animals. Type example of peptidase family M10
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9001-12-1
References:
1. Goldberg, G.I., Wilhelm, S.M., Kronberger, A., Bauer, E.A., Grant, G.A. and Eisen, A.Z. Human fibroblast collagenase. Complete primary structure and homology to an oncogene transformation-induced rat protein. J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1986) 6600-6605. [PMID: 3009463]
2. Birkedal-Hansen, H. Catabolism and turnover of collagens: collagenases. Methods Enzymol. 144 (1987) 140-171. [PMID: 3041177]
3. Fields, G.B., Van Wart, H.E. and Birkedal-Hansen, H. Sequence specificity of human skin fibroblast collagenase. Evidence for the role of collagen structure in determining the collagenase cleavage site. J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987) 6221-6226. [PMID: 3032960]
4. Sottrup-Jensen, L. and Birkedal-Hansen, H. Human fibroblast collagenase-α-macroglobulin interactions. Localization of cleavage sites in the bait regions of five mammalian α-macroglobulins. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 393-401. [PMID: 2462561]
[EC 3.4.24.8 Transferred entry: now included with EC 3.4.24.3 - microbial collagenase (EC 3.4.24.8 created 1978, deleted 1992)]
[EC 3.4.24.9 Deleted entry: Trichophyton schoenleinii collagenase (EC 3.4.24.9 created 1978, deleted 1992)]
[EC 3.4.24.10 Deleted entry: Trichophyton mentagrophytes keratinase (EC 3.4.24.10 created 1972 as EC 3.4.99.12, transferred 1978 to EC 3.4.24.10, deleted 1992)]
Accepted name: neprilysin
Reaction: Preferential cleavage of polypeptides between hydrophobic residues, particularly with Phe or Tyr at P1'
Other names: neutral endopeptidase; endopeptidase 24.11; kidney-brush-border neutral peptidase; enkephalinase (misleading); endopeptidase-2; CALLA (common acute lymphoblastic leukemia-associated) antigens; CALLA antigen; endopeptidase; membrane metalloendopeptidase; kidney-brush-border neutral endopeptidase; kidney-brush-border neutral proteinase; endopeptidase-2; CALLA glycoprotein; CALLA; common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen; CALLA glycoproteins; common acute lymphoblastic leukemia-associated antigens; neutral metallendopeptidase; membrane metalloendopeptidase; NEP; neutral endopeptidase 24.11; CD10; neutral endopeptidase; acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen
Comments: A membrane-bound glycoprotein widely distributed in animal tissues. Inhibited by phosphoramidon and thiorphan. Common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA). Type example of peptidase family M13
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 82707-54-8
References:
1. Matsas, R., Fulcher, I.S., Kenny, A.J. and Turner, A.J. Substance P and [Leu]enkephalin are hydrolyzed by an enzyme in pig caudate synaptic membranes that is identical with the endopeptidase of kidney microvilli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80 (1983) 3111-3115. [PMID: 6190172]
2. Malfroy, B., Schofield, P.R., Kuang, W.-J., Seeburg, P.H., Mason, A.J. Henzel, W.J. Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of rat enkephalinase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 144 (1987) 59-66. [PMID: 3555489]
3. Letarte, M., Vera, S., Tran, R., Addis, J.B.L., Onizuka, R.J., Quackenbush, E J., Jongneel, C.V. and McInnes, R.R. Common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen is identical to neutral endopeptidase. J. Exp. Med. 168 (1988) 1247-1253. [PMID: 2971756]
4. Erdös, E.G. and Skidgel, R.A. Neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (enkephalinase) and related regulators of peptide hormones. FASEB J. 3 (1989) 145-151. [PMID: 2521610]
Accepted name: envelysin
Reaction: Hydrolysis of proteins of the fertilization envelope and dimethylcasein
Other names: sea-urchin-hatching proteinase; hatching enzyme; chorionase; chorion-digesting proteinase; chymostrypsin; sea urchin embryo hatching enzyme
Comments: A glycoprotein from various members of the class Echinoidea. Extracellular enzyme requiring Ca2+. In peptidase family M10 (interstitial collagenase family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 50812-13-0
References:
1. Barrett, D. and Edwards, B.F. Hatching enzyme of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Methods Enzymol. 45 (1976) 354-373. [PMID: 1012003]
2. Lepage, T. and Gache, C. Purification and characterization of the sea urchin embryo hatching enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 4787-4793. [PMID: 2925668]
3. Lepage, T. and Gache, C. Early expression of a collagenase-like hatching enzyme gene in the sea urchin embryo. EMBO J. 9 (1990) 3003-3012. [PMID: 2167841]
4. Nomura, K., Tanaka, H., Kikkawa, Y., Yamaguchi, M. and Suzuki, N. The specificity of sea urchin hatching enzyme (envelysin) places it in the mammalian matrix metalloproteinase family. Biochemistry 30 (1991) 6115-6123. [PMID: 1711895]
Accepted name: IgA-specific metalloendopeptidase
Reaction: Cleavage of ProThr bond in the hinge region of the heavy chain of human IgA
Other names: immunoglobulin A1 proteinase; IgA protease; IgA1-specific proteinase; IgA1 protease; IgA1 proteinase
Comments: A 190 kDa enzyme found in several pathogenic species of Streptococcus such as sanguis and pneumoniae. Type example of peptidase family M26. There is also an IgA-specific prolyl endopeptidase of the serine-type (see EC 3.4.21.72, IgA-specific serine endopeptidase)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 72231-73-3
References:
1. Kornfeld, S.J. and Plaut, A.G. Secretory immunity and the bacterial IgA proteases. Rev. Infect. Dis. 3 (1981) 521-534. [PMID: 6792682]
2. Gilbert, J.V., Plaut, A.G. and Wright, A. Analysis of the immunoglobulin A protease gene of Streptococcus sanguis. Infect. Immun. 59 (1991) 7-17. [PMID: 1987065]
3. Gilbert, J.V., Plaut, A.G., Fishman, Y. and Wright, A. Cloning of the gene encoding streptococcal immunoglobulin A protease and its expression in Escherichia coli. Infect. Immun. 56 (1988) 1961-1966. [PMID: 3294181]
Accepted name: procollagen N-endopeptidase
Reaction: Cleaves the N-propeptide of collagen chain α1(I) at ProGln and of α1(II) and α2(I) at AlaGln
Other name(s): procollagen N-terminal peptidase; procollagen aminopeptidase; aminoprocollagen peptidase; aminoterminal procollagen peptidase; procollagen aminoterminal protease; procollagen N-terminal proteinase; type I/II procollagen N-proteinase; type III procollagen
Comments: Removes the propeptides of type I and II collagens prior to fibril assembly. Does not act on type III collagen. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 68651-94-5
References:
1. Kohn, L.D., Iserky, C., Zupnik, J., Lenaers, A., Lee, G. and Lapiére, C.M. Calf tendon procollagen peptidase: its purification and endopeptidase mode of action. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71 (1974) 40-44. [PMID: 4204204]
2. Hojima, Y., McKenzie, J., van der Rest, M. and Prockop, D.J. Type I procollagen N-proteinase from chick embryo tendons. Purification of a new 500-kDa form of the enzyme and identification of the catalytically active polypeptides. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 11336-11345. [PMID: 2500439]
Accepted name: thimet oligopeptidase
Reaction: Preferential cleavage of bonds with hydrophobic residues at P1, P2 and P3' and a small residue at P1' in substrates of 5-15 residues
Other names: Pz-peptidase; soluble metalloendopeptidase; endo-oligopeptidase A; tissue-endopeptidase degrading collagenase-synthetic-substrate
Comment: Thiol compounds activate at low concentrations. Type example of peptidase family M3.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 110639-28-6
References:
1. Cicilini, M.A., Ribeiro, M.J.F., de Oliveira, E.B., Mortara, R.A. and de Camargo, A.C.M. Endooligopeptidase A activity in rabbit heart: generation of enkephalin from enkephalin containing peptides. Peptides (Fayetteville) 9 (1988) 945-955. [PMID: 3244563]
2. Orlowski, M., Reznik, S., Ayala, J. and Pierotti, A.R. Endopeptidase 24.15 from rat testes. Isolation of the enzyme and its specificity toward synthetic and natural peptides, including enkephalin-containing peptides. Biochem. J. 261 (1989) 951-958. [PMID: 2803255]
3. Barrett, A.J. and Brown, M.A. Chicken liver Pz-peptidase, a thiol-dependent metallo-endopeptidase. Biochem. J. 271 (1990) 701-706. [PMID: 2123097]
4. Pierotti, A., Dong, K.-W., Glucksman, M.J., Orlowski, M. and Roberts, J.L. Molecular cloning and primary structure of rat testes metalloendopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15. Biochemistry 29 (1990) 10323-10329. [PMID: 91084500]
5. Tisljar, U. and Barrett, A.J. Thiol-dependent metallo-endopeptidase characteristics of Pz-peptidase in rat and rabbit. Biochem. J. 267 (1990) 531-533. [PMID: 2185743]
Accepted name: neurolysin
Reaction: Preferential cleavage in neurotensin: Pro10Tyr
Other names: neurotensin endopeptidase; endopeptidase 24.16; endo-oligopeptidase B (proline-endopeptidase)
Comments: No absolute requirement for a prolyl bond: the enzyme acts on some peptides, such as dynorphin 1-8, that do not contain proline, and does not act on some others that do. In peptidase family M3 (thimet oligopeptidase family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 149371-24-4
References:
1. Checler, F., Vincent, J.P. and Kitabgi, P. Purification and characterization of a novel neurotensin-degrading peptidase from rat brain synaptic membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1986) 11274-11281. [PMID: 3525564]
2. Barelli, H., Vincent, J.-P. and Checler, F. Peripheral inactivation of neurotensin. Isolation and characterization of a metallopeptidase from rat ileum. Eur. J. Biochem. 175 (1988) 481-489. [PMID: 3409880]
3. Checler, F., Barelli, H. and Vincent, J.-P. Tissue distribution of a novel neurotensin-degrading metallopeptidase. An immunological approach using monospecific polyclonal antibodies. Biochem. J. 257 (1989) 549-554. [PMID: 2649078]
Accepted name: stromelysin 1
Reaction: Preferential cleavage where P1', P2' and P3' are hydrophobic residues
Other names: matrix metalloproteinase 3; proteoglycanase; collagenase activating protein; procollagenase activator; transin; MMP-3; neutral proteoglycanase; stromelysin; collagen-activating protein
Comments: An extracellular endopeptidase of vertebrate tissues homologous with interstitial collagenase. Digests proteoglycan, fibronectin, collagen types III, IV, V, IX, and activates procollagenase. In peptidase family M10 (interstitial collagenase family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 79955-99-0
References:
1. Chin, J.R., Murphy, G. and Werb, Z. Stromelysin, a connective tissue-degrading metalloendopeptidase secreted by stimulated rabbit synovial fibroblasts in parallel with collagenase. Biosynthesis, isolation, characterization, and substrates. J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985) 12367-12376. [PMID: 2995374]
2. Okada, Y., Nagase, H. and Harris, E.D., Jr A metalloproteinase from human rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts that digests connective tissue matrix components. Purification and characterization. J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1986) 14245-14255. [PMID: 3095317]
3. Docherty, A.J.P. and Murphy, G. The tissue metalloproteinase family and the inhibitor TIMP: a study using cDNAs and recombinant proteins. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 49 (1990) 469-479. [PMID: 2197998]
4. Emonard, H. and Grimaud, J.-A. Matrix metalloproteinase. A review. Cell. Mol. Biol. 36 (1990) 131-153. [PMID: 2165861]
Accepted name: meprin A
Reaction: Hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates preferentially on carboxyl side of hydrophobic residues
Other names: endopeptidase-2; meprin-a; meprin; N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid hydrolase; PABA-peptide hydrolase; PPH
Comments: A membrane-bound metalloendopeptidase of rat and mouse kidney and intestinal brush borders, and salivary ducts. Differences from neprilysin (EC 3.4.24.11) include insensitivity to phosphoramidon and thiorphan. PABA-peptide hydrolase is a very similar enzyme found in human intestinal microvilli [4]. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family). Formerly included in EC 3.4.24.11
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 148938-24-3
References:
1. Beynon, R.J., Shannon, J.D. and Bond, J.S. Purification and characterization of a metallo-endoproteinase from mouse kidney. Biochem. J. 199 (1981) 591-598. [PMID: 7041888]
2. Butler, P.E., McKay, M.J. and Bond, J.S. Characterization of meprin, a membrane-bound metalloendopeptidase from mouse kidney. Biochem. J. 241 (1987) 229-235. [PMID: 3105525]
3. Stephenson, S.L. and Kenny, A.J. The metabolism of neuropeptides. Hydrolysis of peptides by the phosphoramidon-insensitive rat kidney enzyme 'endopeptidase-2' and by rat microvillar membranes. Biochem. J. 255 (1988) 45-51. [PMID: 2461706]
4. Sterchi, E.E., Naim, H.Y., Lentze, M.J., Hauri, H.-P. Fransen, J.A.M. N-Benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid hydrolase: a metalloendopeptidase of the human intestinal microvillus membrane which degrades biologically active peptides. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 265 (1988) 105-118. [PMID: 3261961]
5. Barnes, K., Ingram, J. and Kenny, A.J. Proteins of the kidney microvillar membrane. Structural and immunochemical properties of rat endopeptidase-2 and its immunohistochemical localization in tissues of rat and mouse. Biochem. J. 264 (1989) 335-346. [PMID: 2690825]
Accepted name: procollagen C-endopeptidase
Reaction: Cleavage of the C-terminal propeptide at AlaAsp in type I and II procollagens and at ArgAsp in type III
Other name(s): procollagen C-terminal proteinase; carboxyprocollagen peptidase; procollagen C-terminal peptidase; procollagen C-proteinase; procollagen C-terminal proteinase; procollagen carboxypeptidase; procollagen carboxy-terminal proteinase; procollagen peptidase
Comments: A 100 kDa endopeptidase the activity of which is increased by Ca2+ and by an enhancer glycoprotein. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 68651-95-6
References:
1. Hojima, Y., van der Rest, M. and Prockop, D.J. Type I procollagen carboxyl-terminal proteinase from chick embryo tendons. Purification and characterization. J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985) 15996-16003. [PMID: 3905801]
2. Kessler, E. and Adar, R. Type I procollagen C-proteinase from mouse fibroblasts. Purification and demonstration of a 55-kDa enhancer glycoprotein. Eur. J. Biochem. 186 (1989) 115-121. [PMID: 2689170]
Accepted name: peptidyl-Lys metalloendopeptidase
Reaction: Preferential cleavage in proteins: -XaaLys- (in which Xaa may be Pro)
Other names: Armillaria mellea neutral proteinase; peptidyllysine metalloproteinase
Comments: From the honey fungus Armillaria mellea. In peptidase family M35 (deuterolysin family). Formerly EC 3.4.99.32.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 65979-41-1
References:
1. Doonan, S., Doonan, H.J., Hanford, R., Vernon, C.A., Walker, J.M., Airoldi, L.P. da S., Bossa, F., Barra, D., Carloni, M., Fasella, P. and Riva, F. The primary structure of aspartate aminotransferase from pig heart muscle. Digestion with a proteinase having specificity for lysine residues. Biochem. J. 149 (1975) 497-506. [PMID: 1239277]
2. Lewis, W.G., Basford, J.M. and Walton, P.L. Specificity and inhibition studies of Armillaria mellea protease. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 522 (1978) 551-560. [PMID: 23849]
Accepted name: astacin
Reaction: Hydrolysis of peptide bonds in substrates containing five or more amino acids, preferentially with Ala in P1', and Pro in P2'
Other names: Astacus proteinase; crayfish small-molecule proteinase
Comments: A 22.6 kDa digestive endopeptidase from the cardia of the crayfish Astacus fluviatilis. Type example of peptidase family M12. Formerly EC 3.4.99.6
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 143179-21-9
References:
1. Krauhs, E., Dörsam, H., Little, M., Zwilling, R. and Ponstingl, H. A protease from Astacus fluviatilis as an aid in protein sequencing. Anal. Biochem. 119 (1982) 153-157. [PMID: 7041692]
2. Titani, K., Torff, H.-J., Hormel, S., Kumar, S., Walsh, K.A., Rödl, J., Neurath, H. and Zwilling, R. Amino acid sequence of a unique protease from the crayfish Astacus fluviatilis. Biochemistry 26 (1987) 222-226. [PMID: 3548817]
3. Stöcker, W., Wolz, R.L., Zwilling, R., Strydom, D.J. and Auld, D.S. Astacus protease, a zinc metalloenzyme. Biochemistry 27 (1988) 5026-5032
4. Stöcker, W., Ng, M. and Auld, D.S. Fluorescent oligopeptide substrates for kinetic characterization of the specificity of Astacus protease. Biochemistry 29 (1990) 10418-10425. [PMID: 2261483]
Accepted name: stromelysin 2
Reaction: Similar to stromelysin 1, but action on collagen types III, IV and V is weak
Other names: matrix metalloproteinase 10; transin 2; proteoglycanase 2
Comments: In peptidase family M10 (interstitial collagenase family). Digests gelatin types I, III, IV, V, fibronectin and proteoglycan
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 140610-48-6
References:
1. Breathnach, R., Matrisian, L.M., Gesnel, M.-C. and Leroy, P. Sequences coding for part of oncogene-induced transin are highly conserved in a related rat gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 15 (1987) 1139-1151. [PMID: 3547333]
2. Muller, D., Quantin, B., Gesnel, M.-C., Millon-Collard, R., Abecassis, J. and Breathnach, R. The collagenase gene family in humans consists of at least four members. Biochem. J. 253 (1988) 187-192. [PMID: 2844164]
3. Nicholson, R., Murphy, G. and Breathnach, R. Human and rat malignant-tumor-associated mRNAs encode stromelysin-like metalloproteinases. Biochemistry 28 (1989) 5195-5203. [PMID: 2548603]
Accepted name: matrilysin
Reaction: Cleavage of Ala14Leu and Tyr16Leu in B chain of insulin. No action on collagen types I, II, IV, V. Cleaves gelatin chain α2(I) > α1(I)
Other names: matrin; uterine metalloendopeptidase; matrix metalloproteinase 7; putative (or punctuated) metalloproteinase-1; matrix metalloproteinase pump 1; MMP 7; PUMP-1 proteinase; PUMP; metalloproteinase pump-1; putative metalloproteinase; MMP
Comments: Found in rat uterus; at 19 kDa, the smallest member of peptidase family M10 (interstitial collagenase family). Similar in specificity to stromelysin, but more active on azocoll
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 141256-52-2
References:
1. Muller, D., Quantin, B., Gesnel, M.-C., Millon-Collard, R., Abecassis, J. and Breathnach, R. The collagenase gene family in humans consists of at least four members. Biochem. J. 253 (1988) 187-192. [PMID: 2844164]
2. Woessner, J.F., Jr and Taplin, C.J. Purification and properties of a small latent matrix metalloproteinase of the rat uterus. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988) 16918-16925. [PMID: 3182822]
3. Quantin, B., Murphy, G. and Breathnach, R. Pump-1 cDNA codes for a protein with characteristics similar to those of classical collagenase family members. Biochemistry 28 (1989) 5327-5334. [PMID: 2550050]
4. Miyazaki, K., Hattori, Y., Umenishi, F., Yasumitsu, H. and Umeda, M. Purification and characterization of extracellular matrix-degrading metalloproteinase, matrin (pump-1), secreted from human rectal carcinoma cell line. Cancer Res. 50 (1990) 7758-7764. [PMID: 2253219]
Accepted name: gelatinase A
Reaction: Cleavage of gelatin type I and collagen types IV, V, VII, X. Cleaves the collagen-like sequence Pro-Gln-GlyIle-Ala-Gly-Gln
Other name(s): 72-kDa gelatinase; matrix metalloproteinase 2; type IV collagenase (ambiguous); 3/4 collagenase (obsolete); matrix metalloproteinase 5 (obsolete); 72 kDa gelatinase type A; collagenase IV (ambiguous); collagenase type IV (ambiguous); MMP 2; type IV collagen metalloproteinase (ambiguous); type IV collagenase/gelatinase (ambiguous)
Comments: A secreted endopeptidase In peptidase family M10 (interstitial collagenase family), but possessing an additional fibronectin-like domain
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 146480-35-5
References:
1. Murphy, G., McAlpine, C.G., Poll, C.T. and Reynolds, J.J. Purification and characterization of a bone metalloproteinase that degrades gelatin and types IV and V collagen. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 831 (1985) 49-58. [PMID: 2994741]
2. Collier, I.E., Wilhelm, S.M., Eisen, A.Z., Marmer, B.L., Grant, G.A., Seltzer, J.L., Kronberger, A., He, C., Bauer, E.A. and Goldberg, G.I. H-ras oncogene-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells (TBE-1) secrete a single metalloprotease capable of degrading basement membrane collagen. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988) 6579-6587. [PMID: 2834383]
3. Okada, Y., Morodomi, T., Enghild, J.J., Suzuki, K., Yasui, A., Nakanishi, I., Salvesen, G. and Nagase, H. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 from human rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts-purification and activation of the precursor and enzymic properties. Eur. J. Biochem. 194 (1990) 721-730. [PMID: 2269296]
Accepted name: vibriolysin
Reaction: Preferential cleavage of bonds with bulky hydrophobic groups in P2 and P1'. Phe at P1' is the most favoured residue, which distinguished this enzyme from thermolysin
Other names: Aeromonas proteolytica neutral proteinase; aeromonolysin
Comments: Thermostable enzyme from Vibrio proteolyticus (formerly Aeromonas proteolytica). Specificity related to, but distinct from, those of thermolysin and bacillolysin [1]. A zinc metallopeptidase In family M4 (thermolysin family). Formerly included in EC 3.4.24.4
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 69598-88-5
References
1. Holmquist, B. and Vallee, B.L. Esterase activity of zinc neutral proteases. Biochemistry 15 (1976) 101-107. [PMID: 2276]
2. Wilkes, S.H. and Prescott, J.M. Aeromonas neutral protease. Methods Enzymol. 45 (1976) 404-415. [PMID: 1012006]
3. Bayliss, M.E., Wilkes, S.H. and Prescott, J.M. Aeromonas neutral protease: specificity toward extended substrates. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 204 (1980) 214-219. [PMID: 7000005]
4. Wilkes, S.H., Bayliss, M.E. and Prescott, J.M. Critical ionizing groups in Aeromonas neutral protease. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988) 1821-1825. [PMID: 3123480]
5. David, V.A., Deutch, A.H., Sloma, A., Pawlyk, D., Ally, A. and Durham, D.R. Cloning, sequencing and expression of the gene encoding the extracellular neutral protease, vibriolysin, of Vibrio proteolyticus. Gene 112 (1992) 107-112. [PMID: 2201689]
Accepted name: pseudolysin
Reaction: Hydrolysis of proteins including elastin, collagen types III and IV, fibronectin and immunoglobulin A, generally with bulky hydrophobic group at P1'. Insulin B chain cleavage pattern identical to that of thermolysin, but specificity differs in other respects
Other names: Pseudomonas elastase; Pseudomonas aeruginosa neutral metalloproteinase
Comment: In peptidase family M4 (thermolysin family). From the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Legionella pneumophila, and causes tissue damage.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 171715-23-4
References:
1. Morihara, K. and Tsuzuki, H. Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase: affinity chromatography and some properties as a metallo-neutral proteinase. Agric. Biol. Chem. 39 (1975) 1123-1128
2. Nishino, N. and Powers, J.C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase. Development of a new substrate, inhibitors, and an affinity ligand. J. Biol. Chem. 255 (1980) 3482-3486. [PMID: 6767718]
3 Dreyfus, L.A. and Iglewski, B.H. Purification and characterization of an extracellular protease of Legionella pneumophila. Infect. Immun. 70 (1986) 736-743. [PMID: 3512431]
4. Bever, R.A. and Iglewski, B.H. Molecular characterization and nucleotide sequence of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase structural gene. J. Bacteriol. 170 (1988) 4309-4314. [PMID: 2842313]
5. Black W.J., Quinn, F.D. and Tompkins, L.S. Legionella pneumophila zinc metalloprotease is structurally and functionally homologous to Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase. J. Bacteriol. 172 (1990) 2608-2613. [PMID: 2110146]
Accepted name: thermolysin
Reaction: Preferential cleavage: Leu > Phe
Other names: Bacillus thermoproteolyticus neutral proteinase; thermoase; thermoase Y10; TLN
Comment: A thermostable extracellular metalloendopeptidase containing four calcium ions. Enzymes that may be species variants of thermolysin are reported from Micrococcus caseolyticus [4] and Aspergillus oryzae [5]. Type example of peptidase family M4. Closely related but distinct enzymes are aeromonolysin, pseudolysin, bacillolysin, aureolysin and mycolysin
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9073-78-3
References:
1. Ohta, Y. Ogura, Y. and Wada, A. Thermostable protease from thermophilic bacteria. I. Thermostability, physicochemical properties, and amino acid composition. J. Biol. Chem. 241 (1966) 5919-5925. [PMID: 5954368]
2. Morihara, K., Tsuzuki, H. and Oka, T. Comparison of the specificities of various neutral proteinases from microorganisms. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 123 (1968) 572-588. [PMID: 4967801]
3. Latt, S. A., Holmquist, B. and Vallee, B. L. Thermolysin: a zinc metalloenzyme. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 37 (1969) 333-339. [PMID: 5823940]
4. Desmazeaud, M. J. and Hermier, J. H. Spécificité de la protéase neutre de Micrococcus caseolyticus. Eur. J. Biochem. 19 (1971) 51-55. [PMID: 5551628]
5. Morihara, K.and Tsuzuki, H. Comparative study of various neutral proteinases from microorganisms: specificity with oligopeptides. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 146 (1971) 291-296. [PMID: 5004124]
6. Titani, K., Hermodson, M. A., Ericson, L. H., Walsh, K. A. and Neurath, H. Amino-acid sequence of thermolysin. Nature New Biol. 238 (1972) 35-37
7. Matthews, B. W. Structural basis of the action of thermolysin and related zinc peptidases. Acc. Chem. Res. 21 (1988) 333-340
Accepted name: bacillolysin
Reaction: Similar, but not identical, to that of thermolysin
Other names: Bacillus metalloendopeptidase; Bacillus subtilis neutral proteinase; anilozyme P 10; Bacillus metalloproteinase; Bacillus neutral proteinase; megateriopeptidase
Comments: Variants of this enzyme have been found in species of Bacillus including B. subtilis [1,6], B. amyloliquefaciens [5], B. megaterium (megateriopeptidase, [2]), B. mesentericus [10], B. cereus [3,8,9] and B. stearothermophilus [7]. In peptidase family M4 (thermolysin family). Formerly included in EC 3.4.24.4
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9080-56-2
References:
1. Morihara, K., Tsuzuki, H. and Oka, T. Comparison of the specificities of various neutral proteinases from microorganisms. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 123 (1968) 572-588. [PMID: 4967801]
2. Millet, J. and Acher, R. Spécificité de la mégatériopeptidase: une amino-endopeptidase à caractère hydrophobe. Eur. J. Biochem. 9 (1969) 456-462. [PMID: 4980359]
3. Feder, J., Keay, L., Garrett, L.R., Cirulis, N., Moseley, M.H. and Wildi, B.S. Bacillus cereus neutral protease. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 251 (1971) 74-78. [PMID: 5002444]
4. Holmquist, B. and Vallee, B.L. Esterase activity of zinc neutral proteases. Biochemistry 15 (1976) 101-107. [PMID: 2276]
5. Vasantha, N., Thompson, L.D., Rhodes, C., Banner, C., Nagle, J. and Filpula, D. Genes for alkaline protease and neutral protease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens contain a large open reading frame between the regions coding for signal sequence and mature protein. J. Bacteriol. 159 (1984) 811-819. [PMID: 6090391]
6. Yang, M.Y., Ferrari, E. and Henner, D.J. Cloning of the neutral protease gene of Bacillus subtilis and the use of the cloned gene to create an in vitro-derived deletion mutation. J. Bacteriol. 160 (1984) 15-21. [PMID: 6090407]
7. Takagi, M., Imanaka, T. and Aiba, S. Nucleotide sequence and promoter region for the neutral protease gene from Bacillus stearothermophilus. J. Bacteriol. 163, (1985) 824-831. [PMID: 85289021]
8. Sidler, W., Niederer, E., Suter, F. and Zuber, H. The primary structure of Bacillus cereus neutral proteinase and comparison with thermolysin and Bacillus subtilis neutral proteinase. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 367 (1986) 643-657. [PMID: 3092843]
9. Pauptit, R.A., Karlson, R., Picot, D., Jenkins, J.A., Niklaus-Reimer, A.-S. and Jansonius, J.N. Crystal structure of neutral protease from Bacillus cereus refined at 3.0 Å resolution and comparison with the homologous but more thermostable enzyme thermolysin. J. Mol. Biol. 199 (1988) 525-537. [PMID: 3127592]
10. Stoeva, S., Kleinschmidt, T., Mesrob, B. and Braunitzer, G. Primary structure of a zinc protease from Bacillus mesentericus strain 76. Biochemistry 29 (1990) 527-534. [PMID: 2302386]
Accepted name: aureolysin
Reaction: Cleavage of insulin B chain with specificity similar to that of thermolysin, preferring hydrophobic P1' residue. Activates the glutamyl endopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.19) of Staphylococcus aureus
Other names: Staphylococcus aureus neutral proteinase; Staphylococcus aureus neutral protease
Comments: A metalloenzyme from S. aureus earlier confused with staphylokinase (a non-enzymatic activator of plasminogen). Formerly EC 3.4.99.22 and included in EC 3.4.24.4
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 39335-13-2
References:
1. Arvidson, S. Studies on extracellular proteolytic enzymes from Staphylococcus aureus. II. Isolation and characterization of an EDTA-sensitive protease. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 302 (1973) 149-157. [PMID: 4632563]
2. Saheb, S.A. Purification et caractérisation d'une protéase extracellulaire de Staphylococcus aureus inhibée par l'E.D.T.A. Biochimie 58 (1976) 793-804. [PMID: 823980]
3. Drapeau, G.R. Role of a metalloprotease in activation of the precursor of staphylococcal protease. J. Bacteriol. 136 (1978) 607-613. [PMID: 711676]
4. Potempa, J., Porwit-Bohr, Z. and Travis, J. Stabilization vs. degradation of Staphylococcus aureus metalloproteinase Biochim. Biophys. Acta 993 (1989) 301-304. [PMID: 2512988]
Accepted name: coccolysin
Reaction: Preferential cleavage: Leu, Phe, Tyr, Ala
Other names: Streptococcus thermophilus intracellular proteinase; EM 19000
Comments: A 30 kDa endopeptidase found intracellularly in S. thermophilus [1] and S. diacetilactis [2] and in the medium of S. faecalis [3,4]. In peptidase family M4 (thermolysin family). Formerly included in EC 3.4.24.4
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 156859-08-4
References:
1. Desmazeaud, M.J. Propriétés générales et spécificité d'action d'une endopeptidase neutre intracellulaire de Streptococcus thermophilus. Biochimie (Paris) 56 (1974) 1173-1181. [PMID: 4451671]
2. Desmazeaud, M.J. and Zevaco, C. General properties and substrate specificity of an intracellular neutral protease from Streptococcus diacetilactis. Ann. Biol. Anim. Biochem. Biophys. 16 (1976) 851-868
3. Smith, R.A.G., Green, J. and Kopper, P.H. The purification and properties of a fibrinolytic neutral metalloendopeptidase from Streptococcus faecalis. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 202 (1980) 629-638. [PMID: 6779709]
4. Mäkinen, P.-L., Clewell, D.B., An, F., Mäkinen, K.K. Purification and substrate specificity of a strongly hydrophobic extracellular metalloendopeptidase ("gelatinase") from Streptococcus faecalis (strain 0G1-10). J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 3325-3334. [PMID: 2536744]
Accepted name: mycolysin
Reaction: Preferential cleavage of bonds with hydrophobic residues in P1'
Other names: pronase component; Streptomyces griseus neutral proteinase; actinase E; SGNPI
Comments: From Streptomyces griseus, S. naraensis, and S. cacaoi. Specificity similar to that of thermolysin, but much more sensitive to inhibition by mercaptoacetyl-Phe-Leu. Little structural similarity to other bacterial metalloendopeptidases. Type example of peptidase family M5.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 153190-34-2
References:
1. Morihara, K., Tsuzuki, H. and Oka, T. Comparison of the specificities of various neutral proteinases from microorganisms. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 123 (1968) 572-588. [PMID: 4967801]
2 Hiramatsu, A. and Ouchi, T. A neutral proteinase from Streptomyces naraensis. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 71 (1972) 767-781. [PMID: 5073323]
3. Blumberg, S. and Tauber, Z. Inhibition of metalloendopeptidases by 2-mercaptoacetyl-dipeptides. Eur. J. Biochem. 136 (1983) 151-154. [PMID: 6413206]
4. Chang, P.C., Kue, T-C., Tsugita, A. and Lee, Y.H.W. Extracellular metalloprotease gene of Streptomyces cacaoi: structure, nucleotide sequence and characterization of the cloned gene product. Gene 88 (1990) 87-95. [PMID: 2341042]
Accepted name: β-lytic metalloendopeptidase
Reaction: Cleavage of N-acetylmuramoylAla, and of the insulin B chain at Gly23Phe > Val18Cya
Other names: Myxobacter β-lytic proteinase; achromopeptidase component; β-lytic metalloproteinase; β-lytic protease; Myxobacterium sorangium β-lytic proteinase; Myxobacter495 β-lytic proteinase
Comments: From Achromobacter lyticus and Lysobacter enzymogenes. Digests bacterial cell walls. Type example of peptidase family M23. Formerly EC 3.4.99.13 and included in EC 3.4.24.4.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 37288-92-9
References:
1. Whitaker, D.R., Roy, C., Tsai, C.S. and Juraöek, L. Lytic enzymes of Sorangium sp. A comparison of the proteolytic properties of the α- and β-lytic proteases. Can. J. Biochem. 43 (1965) 1961-1970. [PMID: 5880182]
2. Whitaker, D.R. and Roy, C. Concerning the nature of the α- and β-lytic proteases of Sorangium sp. Can. J. Biochem. 45 (1967) 911. [PMID: 6034704]
3. Li, S. L., Norioka, S. and Sakiyama, F. Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the β-lytic protease gene from Achromobacter lyticus. J. Bacteriol. 172 (1990) 6506-6511. [PMID: 910355265]
Accepted name: peptidyl-Asp metalloendopeptidase
Reaction: Cleavage of XaaAsp, XaaGlu and Xaacysteic acid bonds
Other names: endoproteinase Asp-N; peptidyl-Asp metalloproteinase
Comments: A metalloenzyme isolated from Pseudomonas fragi. Useful in protein sequencing applications because of its limited specificity. In peptidase family M72.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 55576-49-3
References:
1. Porzio, M.A. and Pearson, A.M. Isolation of an extracellular neutral proteinase from Pseudomonas fragi. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 384 (1975) 235-241. [PMID: 236771]
2. Drapeau, G.R. Substrate specificity of a proteolytic enzyme isolated from a mutant of Pseudomonas fragi. J. Biol. Chem. 255 (1980) 839-840. [PMID: 7188696]
3. Ingrosso, D., Fowler, A.V., Bleibaum, J. and Clarke, S. Specificity of endoproteinase Asp-N (Pseudomonas fragi): cleavage at glutamyl residues in two proteins. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 162 (1989) 1528-1534. [PMID: 2669754]
Accepted name: neutrophil collagenase
Reaction: Cleavage of interstitial collagens in the triple helical domain. Unlike EC 3.4.24.7, interstitial collagenase, this enzyme cleaves type III collagen more slowly than type I
Other names: matrix metalloproteinase 8; PMNL collagenase; MMP-8
Comments: Similar to interstitial collagenase in specificity, but the product of a different gene and highly glycosylated. Stored in the specific granules of neutrophil leukocytes. In peptidase family M10 (interstitial collagenase family). Formerly included in EC 3.4.24.7
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9001-12-1
References:
1. Hasty, K. A., Jeffrey, J. J., Hibbs, M. S. and Welgus, H. G. The collagen substrate specificity of human neutrophil collagenase. J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987) 10048-10052. [PMID: 3038863]
2. Hasty, K. A., Pourmotabbed, T. F., Goldberg, G. I., Thompson, J. P., Spinella, D. G., Stevens, R. M. and Mainardi, C. L. Human Neutrophil Collagenase. A distinct gene product with homology to other matrix metalloproteinases. J. Biol. Chem. 265 (1990) 11421-11424. [PMID: 2164002]
3. Knäuper, V., Krämer, S., Reinke, H. and Tschesche, H. Characterization and activation of procollagenase from human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. N-terminal sequence and determination of the proenzyme and various proteolytically activated forms. Eur. J. Biochem. 189 (1990) 295-300. [PMID: 2159879]
Accepted name: gelatinase B
Reaction: Cleavage of gelatin types I and V and collagen types IV and V
Other name(s): 92-kDa gelatinase; matrix metalloproteinase 9; type V collagenase; 92-kDa type IV collagenase; macrophage gelatinase; 95 kDa type IV collagenase/gelatinase; collagenase IV (ambiguous); collagenase type IV (ambiguous); gelatinase MMP 9; MMP 9; type IV collagen metalloproteinase (ambiguous)
Comments: Similar to gelatinase A, but possesses a further domain . In peptidase family M10 (interstitial collagenase family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 146480-36-6
References:
1. Hibbs, M.S., Hoidal, J.R. and Kang, A.H. Expression of a metalloproteinase that degrades native type V collagen and denatured collagens by cultured human alveolar macrophages. J. Clin. Invest. 80 (1987) 1644-1650. [PMID: 3680518]
2. Wilhelm, S.M., Collier, I.E., Marmer, B.L., Eisen, A.Z., Grant, G.A. and Goldberg, G.I. SV40-transformed human lung fibroblasts secrete a 92-kDa type IV collagenase which is identical to that secreted by normal human macrophages. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 17213-17221. [PMID: 2551898]
3. Mainardi, C. L. and Hasty, K. A. Secretion and glycosylation of rabbit macrophage type V collagenase. Matrix 10 (1990) 84-90. [PMID: 2165210]
Accepted name: leishmanolysin
Reaction: Preference for hydrophobic residues at P1 and P1' and basic residues at P2' and P3'. A model nonapeptide is cleaved at -Ala-TyrLeu-Lys-Lys-
Other names: promastigote surface endopeptidase; glycoprotein gp63; Leishmania metalloproteinase; surface acid proteinase; promastigote surface protease
Comments: A membrane-bound glycoprotein found on the promastigote of various species of Leishmania protozoans. Contains consensus sequence for a zinc-binding site; Z-Tyr-Leu-NHOH is a strong inhibitor. The enzyme can activate its proenzyme by cleavage of the Val100Val bond. An acid pH optimum is found with certain protein substrates. Type example of peptidase family M8
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 161052-06-8
References.
1. Button, L.L. and McMaster, W.R. Molecular cloning of the major surface antigen of Leishmania. J. Exp. Med. 167 (1988) 724-729. [PMID: 3346625]
2. Bouvier, J., Cordier, C., Vogel, H., Reichelt, R. and Etges, R. Characterization of the promastigote surface protease of Leishmania as a membrane-bound zinc endopeptidase. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 37 (1989) 235-246. [PMID: 2608099]
3. Chaudhuri, G., Chaudhuri, M., Pan, A. and Chang, K.-P. Surface acid proteinase (gp63) of Leishmania mexicana. A metalloenzyme capable of protecting liposome-encapsulated proteins from phagolysosomal degradation by macrophages. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 7483-7489
4. Bouvier, J., Schneider, P., Etges, R. and Bordier, C. Peptide substrate specificity of the membrane-bound metalloprotease of Leishmania. Biochemistry 29 (1990) 10113-10119. [PMID: 2271643]
Accepted name: saccharolysin
Reaction: Cleavage of ProPhe and AlaAla bonds
Other names: proteinase yscD; yeast cysteine proteinase D (Misleading); Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteinase yscD
Comments: An 83 kDa cytoplasmic thiol-dependent metalloendopeptidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In peptidase family M3 (thimet oligopeptidase family). Formerly EC 3.4.22.22
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 96779-48-5
References:
1. Achstetter, T., Ehmann, C. and Wolf, D.H. Proteinase yscD. Purification and characterization of a new yeast peptidase. J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985) 4584-4590. [PMID: 3886641]
2. Garcia-Alvarez, N., Teichert, U. and Wolf, D.H. Proteinase yscD mutants of yeast. Isolation and characterization. Eur. J. Biochem. 163 (1987) 339-346. [PMID: 3545833]
Accepted name: gametolysin
Reaction: Cleavage of the proline- and hydroxyproline-rich proteins of the Chlamydomonas cell wall; also cleaves azocasein, gelatin and Leu-Trp-MetArg-Phe-Ala
Other names: autolysin; Chlamydomonas cell wall degrading protease; lysin; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii metalloproteinase; gamete lytic enzyme; gamete autolysin
Comments: A glycoprotein found in the periplasmic space of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii gametes in a 62 kDa inactive form; decreased to 60 kDa upon activation. A zinc enzyme, inhibited by phosphoramidon, but also thiol activated. Type example of peptidase family M11
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 97089-74-2
References:
1. Jaenicke, L., Kunhe, W., Spessert, R., Wahle, U. and Waffenschmidt, S. Cell-wall lytic enzymes (autolysins) of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are (hydroxy)proline-specific proteases. Eur. J. Biochem. 170 (1987) 485-491. [PMID: 3319620]
2. Buchanan, M.J., Imam, S.H., Eskue, W.A. and Snell, W.J. Activation of the cell wall degrading protease, lysin, during sexual signalling in Chlamydomonas: the enzyme is stored as an inactive, higher relative molecular mass precursor in the periplasm. J. Cell. Biol. 108 (1989) 199-207. [PMID: 2910877]
3. Matsuda, Y. Gametolysin. In: Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes (Barrett, A.J., Rawlings, N.D. & Woessner, J.F. eds), pp. 1140-1143 (1998) Academic Press, London
Accepted name: deuterolysin
Reaction: Preferential cleavage of bonds with hydrophobic residues in P1'; also Asn3Gln and Gly8Ser bonds in insulin B chain
Other names: Penicillium roqueforti protease II; microbial neutral proteinase II; acid metalloproteinase; neutral proteinase II; Penicillium roqueforti metalloproteinase
Comments: Proteolytic activity found in Penicillium roqueforti [4], P. caseicolum [4], Aspergillus sojae [3] and A. oryzae [1,5]. Optimum pH of 5 for digesting various proteins. Strong action on protamine and histones. Insensitive to phosphoramidon. About 20 kDa. A distinct Aspergillus sojae endopeptidase is larger and has a neutral pH optimum. Type example of peptidase family M35. Formerly included in EC 3.4.24.4
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 69598-88-5
References:
1. Nakadai, T., Nasuno, S. and Iguchi, N. Purification and properties of neutral proteinase II from Aspergillus oryzae. Agric. Biol. Chem. 37 (1973) 2703-2708
2. Gripon, J.-C. and Hermier, J. Le système protéolytique de Penicillium roqueforti. III. Purification, propriétés et spécificité d'une protéase inhibée par l'E.D.T.A. Biochimie (Paris) 56 (1974) 1324-1332. [PMID: 4219726]
3. Sekine, H., Neutral proteinases I and II of Aspergillus sojae action on various substrates. Agric. Biol. Chem. 40 (1976) 703-709
4. Gripon, J.C., Auberger, B. and Lenoir, J. Metalloproteases from Penicillium caseicolum and P. roqueforti: comparision of specificity and chemical characterization. Int. J. Biochem. 12 (1980) 451-455. [PMID: 6998789]
5. Vaganova, T.I., Ivanova, N.M. and Stepanov, V.M. Isolation and properties of the "acid" metalloproteinase from Aspergillus oryzae. Biochemistry (Moscow) 53 (1988) 1171-1178
Accepted name: serralysin
Reaction: Preferential cleavage of bonds with hydrophobic residues in P1'
Other names: Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkaline proteinase; Escherichia freundii proteinase; Serratia marcescens extracellular proteinase; Serratia marcescens metalloproteinase; Pseudomonas aeruginosa alk. protease; Serratia marcescens metalloprotease
Comments: A 50 kDa extracellular endopeptidase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa [1,2,6], Escherichia freundii [3], Serratia marcescens [4,5,6] and Erwinia chrysanthemi [7]. There is broad specificity in cleavage of the insulin B chain, with some species variations. The pH optimum for digesting various proteins is about 9 - 10. In peptidase family M10 (interstitial collagenase family). Formerly included in EC 3.4.24.4
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 70851-98-8
References:
1. Morihara, K., Tsuzuki, H. and Oka, T. Comparison of the specificities of various neutral proteinases from microorganisms. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 123 (1968) 572-588. [PMID: 4967801]
2. Morihara, K., Tsuzuki, H. and Oka, T. On the specificity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkaline proteinase with synthetic peptides. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 309 (1973) 414-429. [PMID: 4199986]
3. Nakajima, M., Mizusawa, K. and Yoshida, F. Purification and properties of an extracellular proteinase of psychrophilic Escherichia freundii. Eur. J. Biochem.44 (1974) 87-96. [PMID: 4212288]
4. Decedue, C.J., Broussard, E.A., II, Larson, A.D. and Braymer, H.D. Purification and characterization of the extracellular proteinase of Serratia marcescens. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 569 (1979) 293-301. [PMID: 383155]
5. Doerr, M. and Traub, W.H. Purification and characterization of two Serratia marcescens proteases. Zentralbl. Bakteriol., Mikrobiol. Hyg. Ser. A 257 (1984) 6-19. [PMID: 6380155]
6. Nakahama, K., Yoshimura, K., Marumoto, R., Kikuchi, M., Lee, I.S., Hase, T. and Matsubara, H. Cloning and sequencing of Serratia protease gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 14 (1986) 5843-5856. [PMID: 3016665]
7. Dahler, G.S., Barras, F. and Keen, N.T. Cloning of genes encoding extracellular metalloproteases from Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16. J. Bacteriol. 172 (1990) 5803-5815. [PMID: 2211513]
8. Okuda, K., Morihara, K., Atsumi, Y., Takeuchi, H., Kawamoto, S., Kawasaki, H., Suzuki, K. and Fukushima, J. Complete nucleotide sequence of the structural gene for alkaline proteinase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa IFO 3455. Infect. Immun. 58 (1990) 4083-4088. [PMID: 2123832]
Accepted name: atrolysin B
Reaction: Cleavage of His5Leu, His10Leu, Ala14Leu, Tyr16Leu and Gly23Phe of insulin B chain; identical to the cleavage of insulin B chain by atrolysin C. Also cleaves Ser bonds in glucagon
Other names: Crotalus atrox metalloendopeptidase b; hemorrhagic toxin b; Ht-b
Comments: From the venom of the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). In peptidase family M12 (astacin family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 172306-48-8
References:
1. Bjarnason, J.B. and Tu, A.T. Hemorrhagic toxins from western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom: isolation and characterization of five toxins and the role of zinc in hemorrhagic toxin e. Biochemistry 17 (1978) 3395-3404. [PMID: 210790]
2. Bjarnason, J.B., Hamilton, D. and Fox, J.W. Studies on the mechanism of hemorrhage production by five proteolytic hemorrhagic toxins from Crotalus atrox venom. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 369 (1988) 121-129. [PMID: 3060135]
Accepted name: atrolysin C
Reaction: Cleavage of His5Leu, His10Leu, Ala14Leu, Tyr16Leu and Gly23Phe bonds in B chain of insulin. With small molecule substrates prefers hydrophobic residue at P2' and small residue such as Ala, Gly at P1
Other names: Crotalus atrox metalloendopeptidase c; hemorrhagic toxin c and d
Comments: A 24 kDa hemorrhagic endopeptidase from the venom of the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) that digests type IV collagen, and exists as two forms, c and d. Phosphoramidon inhibits in the 0.1 mM range. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family). Hemorrhagic toxin-2 of C. ruber ruber has the same Mr and specificity and is a homologue [4,6]
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 158886-17-0
References:
1. Bjarnason, J.B. and Tu, A.T. Hemorrhagic toxins from western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom: isolation and characterization of five toxins and the role of zinc in hemorrhagic toxin e. Biochemistry 17 (1978) 3395-3404. [PMID: 210790]
2. Fox, J.W., Campbell, R., Beggerly, L. and Bjarnason, J.B. Substrate specificities and inhibition of two hemorrhagic zinc proteases Ht-c and Ht-d from Crotalus atrox venom. Eur. J. Biochem.156 (1986) 65-72. [PMID: 3514216]
3. Bjarnason, J.B. and Fox, J.W. Characterization of two hemorrhagic zinc proteinases, toxin c and toxin d, from western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 911 (1987) 356-363. [PMID: 3101740]
4. Mori, N., Nikai, T., Sugihara, H. and Tu, A.T. Biochemical characterization of hemorrhagic toxins with fibrinogenase activity isolated from Crotalus ruber ruber venom. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 253 (1987) 108-121. [PMID: 2949699]
5. Shannon, J.D., Baramova, E.N., Bjarnason, J.B. and Fox, F.W. Amino acid sequence of a Crotalus atrox venom metalloproteinase which cleaves type IV collagen and gelatin. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 11575-11583. [PMID: 2745407]
6. Takeya, H., Onikura, A., Nikai, T., Sugihara, H. and Iwanaga, S. Primary structure of a hemorrhagic metalloproteinase, HT-2, isolated from the venom of Crotalus ruber ruber. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 108 (1990) 711-719. [PMID: 2081731]
Accepted name: atroxase
Reaction: Cleavage of His5Leu, Ser9His, His10Leu, Ala14Leu and Tyr16Leu of insulin B chain
Comments: A nonhemorrhagic endopeptidase from the venom of the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) that cleaves fibrinogen. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 181186-94-7
References:
1. Willis, T.W. and Tu, A.T. Purification and biochemical characterization of atroxase, a nonhemorrhagic fibrinolytic protease from western diamondback rattlesnake venom. Biochemistry 27 (1988) 4769-4777. [PMID: 3167016]
Accepted name: atrolysin E
Reaction: Cleavage of Asn3Gln, Ser9His and Ala14Leu bonds in insulin B chain and Tyr14Gln and Thr8Ser in A chain. Cleaves type IV collagen at Ala73Gln in α1(IV) and at Gly7Leu in α2(IV)
Other names: Crotalus atrox metalloendopeptidase e; hemorrhagic toxin e
Comments: A 25.7 kDa hemorrhagic endopeptidase from the venom of the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) that digests basement membrane components, including the triple helix of type IV collagen. Such action is believed to contribute to the hemorrhagic property by weakening capillary walls. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 172306-51-3
References:
1. Bjarnason, J.B. and Tu, A.T. Hemorrhagic toxins from western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom: isolation and characterization of five toxins and the role of zinc in hemorrhagic toxin e. Biochemistry 17 (1978) 3395-3404. [PMID: 210790]
2. Bjarnason, J.B. and Fox, J.W. Proteolytic specificity and cobalt exchange of hemorrhagic toxin e, a zinc protease isolated from the venom of the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). Biochemistry 22 (1983) 3770-3778. [PMID: 6351911]
3. Baramova, E.N., Shannon, J.D., Bjarnason, J.B. and Fox, J.W. Identification of the cleavave sites by a hemorrhagic metalloproteinase in type IV collagen. Matrix 10 (1990) 91-97. [PMID: 2374521]
Accepted name: atrolysin F
Reaction: Cleavage of Val2Asn, Gln4His, Leu6Cys, His10Leu, Ala14Leu and Tyr16Leu bonds in insulin B chain
Other names: Crotalus atrox metalloendopeptidase; hemorrhagic toxin f; Crotalus atrox metalloendopeptidase f
Comments: A 64 kDa hemorrhagic endopeptidase from the venom of the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) that digests the γ chain of fibrinogen. Immunologically distinct from EC 3.4.24.1, atrolysin A.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 172306-52-4
References:
1. Nikai, T., Mori, N., Kishida, M., Sugihara, H. and Tu, A.T. Isolation and biochemical characterization of hemorrhagic toxin f from the venom of Crotalus atrox (western diamondback rattlesnake). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 231 (1984) 309-319. [PMID: 6375570]
Accepted name: adamalysin
Reaction: Cleavage of Phe1Val, His5Leu, His10Leu, Ala14Leu, Leu15Tyr, and Tyr16Leu of insulin B chain
Other names: Crotalus adamanteus metalloendopeptidase; proteinase I and II; Crotalus adamanteus venom proteinase II; adamalysin II
Comments: From the venom of the eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus). Two isoenzymes of approx. 24 kDa that inactivate α1-proteinase inhibitor by a single cleavage. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 74812-51-4
References:
1. Kurecki, T., Laskowski, M., Sr. and Kress, L.F. Purification and some properties of two proteinases from Crotalus adamanteus venom that inactivate human α1-proteinase inhibitor. J. Biol. Chem. 253 (1978) 8340-8345. [PMID: 309470]
Accepted name: horrilysin
Reaction: Cleavage of only the single bond Ala14Leu in the insulin B chain, Ser12Leu in the A chain, and IleGly, ProAla, and SerTrp in melittin
Other names: Crotalus horridus metalloendopeptidase; hemorrhagic proteinase IV; Crotalus horridus horridus venom hemorrhagic proteinase
Comments: A 56 kDa hemorrhagic endopeptidase from the venom of the timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus horridus) that cleaves basement membrane, hide powder and fibrinogen.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 84056-81-5
References:
1. Civello, D.J., Duong, H.L. and Geren, C.R. Isolation and characterization of a hemorrhagic proteinase from timber rattlesnake venom. Biochemistry 22 (1983) 749-755. [PMID: 6340728]
2. Civello, D.J., Moran, J.B. and Geren, C.R. Substrate specificity of a hemorrhagic proteinase from timber rattlesnake venom. Biochemistry 22 (1983) 755-762. [PMID: 6340729]
Accepted name: ruberlysin
Reaction: Cleavage of His10Leu, Ala14Leu, Tyr16Leu and Gly23Phe bonds in the B chain of insulin; HisPro, ProPhe, and TrpSer of angiotensin I; and GlyPhe of Met enkephalin
Other names: Crotalus ruber metalloendopeptidase II; hemorrhagic toxin II
Comments: A 25 kDa hemorrhagic endopeptidase from the venom of the red rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber ruber) that cleaves fibrinogen. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 846020-01-7
References:
1. Mori, N., Nikai, T., Sugihara, H. and Tu, A.T. Biochemical characterization of hemorrhagic toxins with fibrinogenase activity isolated from Crotalus ruber ruber venom. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 253 (1987) 108-121. [PMID: 2949699]
2. Takeya, H., Onikura, A., Nikai, T., Sugihara, H. and Iwanaga, S. Primary structure of a hemorrhagic metalloproteinase, HT- 2, isolated from the venom of Crotalus ruber ruber. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 108 (1990) 711-719. [PMID: 2081731]
Accepted name: bothropasin
Reaction: Cleavage of His5Leu, His10Leu, Ala14Leu, Tyr16Leu and Phe24Phe in insulin B chain
Other name(s): Bothrops jararaca venom metalloproteinase
Comments: Caseinolytic endopeptidase of jararaca snake (Bothrops jararaca) venom; 48 kDa. In peptidase family M12
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 84788-89-6
References:
1. Mandelbaum, F.J., Reichel, A.P. and Assakura, M.T. Isolation and characterization of a proteolytic enzyme from the venom of the snake Bothrops jararaca (jararaca). Toxicon 20 (1982) 955-972. [PMID: 6819660]
Accepted name: bothrolysin
Reaction: Cleavage of Gln4His, Ser9His and Ala14Leu of insulin B chain and ProPhe of angiotensin I
Other names: Bothrops metalloendopeptidase J; J protease
Comments: A 22.5 kDa endopeptidase from the venom of the jararaca snake (Bothrops jararaca), insensitive to phosphoramidon at 0.5 mM. In peptidase family M12 (astacin family)
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MEROPS, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 443890-65-1
References:
1. Tanizaki, M.M., Zingali, R.B., Kawazaki, H., Imajoh, S., Yamazaki, S. and Suzuki, K. Purification and some characteristics of a zinc metalloprotease from the venom of Bothrops jararaca (jararaca). Toxicon 27 (1989) 747-755. [PMID: 2781574]