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These early steps do not occur in mammals, which need pantothenic acid in their diet.
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coenzyme A biosynthesis (late stages)
C1 metabolism
valine biosynthesis
EC 1.1.1.169 2-dehydropantoate 2-reductase
EC 2.1.2.11 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase
EC 2.6.1.42 branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase
EC 4.1.1.11 aspartate 1-decarboxylase
EC 6.3.2.1 pantoate—β-alanine ligase (AMP forming)
EC 6.3.2.44 pantoate—β-alanine ligase (ADP forming)